Aerospace engineering steel refers to the special steel used in spacecraft, satellites, rockets, launchers and ground support facilities. These steels must have light weight, high strength, high temperature resistance, corrosion resistance, fatigue resistance and other characteristics, but also have good weldability and processing properties.
1. High-strength steel: used to manufacture structural components of rockets and spacecraft, such as engine shells, pressure vessels, etc. Commonly used high-strength steel 300M, 42CrMo, 40CrNiMo and other alloy steel, through heat treatment and other processes to improve its strength and toughness.
2. Stainless steel: Stainless steel is used in some parts of the spacecraft, such as the housing of the fuel system and electronic equipment, to provide good corrosion resistance. Austenitic stainless steels such as 304 and 316 series are more common in the aerospace field.
3. Titanium alloy: Titanium alloy has low density, high specific strength, good corrosion resistance and high temperature resistance, and is often used to manufacture key bearing structures and engine components of spacecraft, such as spacecraft frames, engine turbine blades, etc.
4. Superalloys: Used to make high-temperature components of rocket engines, such as combustion chambers, turbines and nozzles. Superalloys such as Inconel (nickel-based alloy) and Hastelloy (cobalt-based alloy) are able to maintain stable performance under extreme temperature and pressure conditions.
5. Nickel-based superalloy: It is widely used in the hot end parts of rocket engines because it maintains good mechanical properties and oxidation resistance at high temperatures.
6. Powder metallurgy materials: Powder metallurgy technology can produce steel with special microstructure and excellent properties, which is used to manufacture high-performance components with complex shapes.
The research and development and production of steel for aerospace engineering follow a strict quality management system, including material composition control, fine management of the processing process, and performance testing of the finished product. The application of these materials in the aerospace field is crucial to improve the performance, reliability and safety of spacecraft. With the continuous development of space technology, the requirements for material properties are also constantly improving, which promotes the continuous innovation and application of new material technology.
